Libya
The only Arab country with a major, full-scale armed insurrection, it is not quite a stalemate as there is an ebb and flow dynamic to the conflict between pro- and anti-Gaddafi forces.Col Gaddafi largely controls the capital, Tripoli, his birthplace Sirte and a number of other smaller towns to the south and west. His opponents control most of the east, including the second city, Benghazi.
Much of the recent fighting has been around the strategic oil terminals of Brega and Ras Lanuf. Col Gaddafi needs these if he is to sustain himself in power beyond this immediate crisis.
He and the senior members of his government are almost completely isolated internationally but there is little Western appetite for military intervention to help topple him.
Venezuela's president has offered to mediate between him and the rebels but they will not settle for anything less than his departure.
There are a handful of countries that might possibly offer refuge to Col Gaddafi - Nicaragua and Zimbabwe have been mentioned - but he and his family say they are adamant they will stay in Libya.
The possibility of being hunted down and arrested for alleged war crimes if they flee is a factor they will be considering.
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